Alteraciones cognitivas en pacientes operados de aneurismas cerebrales en el Hospital de Clínicas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52379/mcs.v4i1.114Resumen
Introducción: la hemorragia subaracnoidea por sí misma puede dar lugar a un daño cerebral, por esto, en pacientes sin complicaciones los trastornos cognitivos pueden estar presentes. Objetivos: analizar las alteraciones neuropsicológicos en los pacientes operados de aneurismas cerebrales y los factores que se asocian a su desarrollo. Metodología: estudio analítico, observacional, ambispectivo, 2013 - 2020, que incluyó pacientes operados de aneurismas cerebrales rotos en el Hospital de Clínicas. La evaluación cognitiva se realizó con el mini examen cognitivo de Lobo. Se consideró alterado cuando la puntuación fue menor a 27. Se analizaron 12 variables asociando las mismas con el tema de estudio. Los datos fueron analizados con Epi-info 7.2. Resultados: La edad mayor a 60 años se asoció al déficit cognitivo de forma significativa, así como también la lateralidad a izquierda, el uso de clipado temporario durante la cirugía, la ruptura del aneurisma en el intraoperatorio, el vasoespasmo y la hidrocefalia. No se asoció significativamente con el desarrollo de un trastorno cognitivo; el sexo, el nivel de escolaridad, la cantidad de sangre cisternal, la localización del aneurisma, el Glasgow de ingreso ni la fase en la cual se realzó la cirugía. Discusión: en general los hallazgos coinciden con la literatura. Llamó la atención que la escala de Fisher en la muestra estudiada no demostró tener una asociación significativa con el trastorno cognitivo, sin embargo, hay datos en la literatura que sostienen que la cantidad de sangre cisternal al ingreso es un fuerte predictor del estado cognitivo del paciente al alta.
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Derechos de autor 2020 Gabriela Moguilner, Fabrizio Frutos, Ana Riquelme, Kevin Arce, Italo Flecha, Dario Díaz
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
