Adherence and barriers to contraceptive use in young adult women attending first level health care facilities, Peru

Authors

  • Hugo Gutierrez Crespo Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1097-6990
  • Luis Huamán Carhuas Español https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9463-6194
  • Español Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-4609
  • Juan Pedro Matzumura Kasano Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Facultad de Medicina, Perú
  • Diana Valdiglesias Ochoa Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Perú

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52379/mcs.v7i2.283

Keywords:

acces, contraception, women

Abstract

Introduction: In developing countries, the existence of barriers to women's access to contraception generates low adherence to the use of different contraceptive methods. Objective: To describe the adherence and barriers in the use of contraceptive methods in a population of adult women. Methodology: Quantitative, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of women over 18 years of age attended at a first level health center, to whom selection criteria were applied and voluntary consent was obtained for their participation. The study followed the Helsinki principles and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Peruvian Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. The instrument used was the IRB Study (Barriers to adolescent contraception adherence) with a Cronbach Alpha consistency of 0.79. Descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact test were used for bivariate analysis. Results: A total of 353 women participated, the mean age was 24.6 ± 4.2 years; 65.7% were single and 19.5% were cohabiting; 58.4% reported university education; 73.7% were Catholic compared to 26.3% Evangelical. Male condoms (37.2%) and oral pills (23%) were the most commonly used methods. Fear of the side effects of contraceptives (66.2%) and travel to the health center for control (23.5%) were the main obstacles. Discussion: Age and sexual activity were factors associated with contraceptive adherence. Concern about weight gain, bleeding and health risk were the main barriers.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

United Nations. Sexual and reproductive health and rights: OHCHR. Internet. (Consultado 13 Feb 2023]. Disponible en: https://www.ohchr.org/en/women/sexual-and-reproductive-health-and-rights

Van den Broeck G. Women’s employment and family planning in rural Uganda. Women Health. 2020; 60(5): 517-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2019.1671948

Sacco S, Merki-Feld GS, Ægidius KL, Bitzer J, Canonico M, Gantenbein AR, et al. Effect of exogenous estrogens and progestogens on the course of migraine during reproductive age: a consensus statement by the European Headache Federation (EHF) and the European Society of Contraception and Reproductive Health (ESCRH). J Headache Pain. 2018; 19(1): 76. https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-018-0896-5

Paredes S, Cantillo S, Candido KD, Knezevic NN. An Association of Serotonin with Pain Disorders and Its Modulation by Estrogens. Int J Mol Sci. 2019; 20(22): 5729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20225729

Cooper DB, Patel P, Mahdy H. Oral Contraceptive Pills. Actualizado 24 Nov 2022. En: StatPearls. Internet. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 (Consultado 7 Mar 2023). Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430882/

Jarolimova J, Kabakyenga J, Bennett K, Muyindike W, Kembabazi A, Martin JN, et al. Contraceptive use following unintended pregnancy among Ugandan women living with HIV. PLoS One. 2018; 13(10): e0206325. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206325

Lutalo T, Gray R, Santelli J, Guwatudde D, Brahmbhatt H, Mathur S, et al. Unfulfilled need for contraception among women with unmet need but with the intention to use contraception in Rakai, Uganda: a longitudinal study. BMC Womens Health. 2018;18(1):60. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-018-0551-y

Scott VK, Gottschalk LB, Wright KQ, Twose C, Bohren MA, Schmitt ME, et al. Community Health Workers’ Provision of Family Planning Services in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review of Effectiveness. Studies in Family. 2015;46(3):241-61. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4465.2015.00028.x

Kabagenyi A, Reid A, Ntozi J, Atuyambe L. Socio-cultural inhibitors to use of modern contraceptive techniques in rural Uganda: a qualitative study. Pan Afr Med J. 2016;25:78. https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2016.25.78.6613

Berndt VK, Bell AV. "This is what the truth is": Provider-patient interactions serving as barriers to contraception. Health (London). 2021;25(5): 613-629. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363459320969775

Gomez AM, Fuentes L, Allina A. Women or LARC First? Reproductive Autonomy and the Promotion of Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Methods. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2014; 46(3):171-175. https://doi.org/10.1363/46e1614

Lessard LN, Karasek D, Ma S, Darney P, Deardorff J, Lahiff M, et al. Contraceptive features preferred by women at high risk of unintended pregnancy. Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2012;44(3):194-200. https://doi.org/10.1363/4419412

Littlejohn KE. Hormonal contraceptive use and discontinuation because of dissatisfaction: differences by race and education. Demography. 2012;49(4):1433-52. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0127-7

Kavanaugh ML, Jerman J, Finer LB. Changes in Use of Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive Methods Among U.S. Women, 2009-2012. Obstet Gynecol. 2015;126(5):917-27. https://doi.org/10.1097/aog.0000000000001094

Spies EL, Askelson NM, Gelman E, Losch M. Young women's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to long-acting reversible contraceptives. Womens Health Issues. 2010;20(6):394-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.whi.2010.07.005

Moore A, Ryan S, Stamm C. Seeking emergency contraception in the United States: A review of access and barriers. Women Health. 2019;59(4):364-74. https://doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2018.1487905

Wilkinson TA, Clark P, Rafie S, Carroll AE, Miller E. Access to Emergency Contraception After Removal of Age Restrictions. Pediatrics. 2017;140(1):e20164262. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-4262

Guttmacher Institute. Many American Women Use Birth Control Pills for Noncontraceptive Reasons. Internet. 2016 (Citado 7 Mar 2023). Disponible en: https://www.guttmacher.org/news-release/2011/many-american-women-use-birth-control-pills-noncontraceptive-reasons

Choi A, Dempsey A. Strategies to improve compliance among oral contraceptive pill users: a review of the literature. Open Access J Contracept. 2014;5:17-22. https://doi.org/10.2147/OAJC.S39111

Dalewski B, Kami?ska A, Bia?kowska K, Jakubowska A, Sobolewska E. Association of Estrogen Receptor 1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor ? Polymorphisms with Temporomandibular Joint Anterior Disc Displacement without Reduction. Dis Markers. 2020; 2020:6351817. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6351817

Kantorová V. Unintended pregnancy and abortion: what does it tell us about reproductive health and autonomy? Lancet Glob Health. 2020;8(9):e1106-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30342-9

Gharaee M, Baradaran HR. Consequences of unintended pregnancy on mother and fetus and newborn in North-East of Iran. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020;33(5):876-9. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2018.1500538

Bearak J, Popinchalk A, Alkema L, Sedgh G. Global, regional, and subregional trends in unintended pregnancy and its outcomes from 1990 to 2014: estimates from a Bayesian hierarchical model. Lancet Glob Health. 2018;6(4):e380-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30029-9

Abreu-Sánchez A, Parra-Fernández ML, Onieva-Zafra MD, Ramos-Pichardo JD, Fernández-Martínez E. Type of Dysmenorrhea, Menstrual Characteristics and Symptoms in Nursing Students in Southern Spain. Healthcare (Basel). 2020;8(3):302. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030302

Manzoor S, Ganie MA, Majid S, Shabir I, Kawa IA, Fatima Q, et al. Analysis of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Coagulation Pathway Factors in OCP Treated PCOS Women. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2021;36(3):278-87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-020-00901-w

Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI). Perú: Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar-ENDES 2021. Internet. INEI; 2021 (Citado 7 Mar 2023). Disponible en: https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/MenuRecursivo/publicaciones_digitales/Est/Lib1838/

Clare C, Squire MB, Alvarez K, Meisler J, Fraser C. Barriers to adolescent contraception use and adherence. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2016;30(4). https://doi.org/10.1515/ijamh-2016-0098

Mangimela-Mulundano A, Black KI, Cheney K. A cross-sectional study of women’s autonomy and modern contraception use in Zambia. BMC Womens Health. 2022;22(1):550. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-02101-5

Ministerio de Salud. Anticoncepción en la adolescencia. Internet. Plataforma digital del Estado Peruano. 2023 (Citado 11 mar 2023). Disponible en: https://www.gob.pe/15121-anticoncepcion-en-la-adolescencia

Al Kindi RM, Al Sumri HH. Prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of contraceptive use among women in Oman. East Mediterr Health J. 2019;25(7):495-502. https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.18.064

Çal?ko?lu EO, Bilge Yerli E, Kavuncuo?lu D, Y?lmaz S, Ko?an Z, Aras A. Use of Family Planning Methods and Influencing Factors Among Women in Erzurum. Med Sci Monit. 2018;24:5027-34. https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.908388

Aduragbemi D. Women's and male partners' socio-demographic and economic characteristics associated with contraceptive decision making in Nigeria. BMC Womens Health. 2022;22(1):450. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-02045-w

Matzumura-Kasano JP, Gutiérrez Crespo HF, Ruiz-Arias RA. Creencias, actitudes y conocimientos sobre la anticoncepción de emergencia en estudiantes universitarios de medicina. Rev Obstet Ginecol Venez. 2022;82(3):350-61. https://doi.org/10.51288/00820310

Kungu W, Khasakhala A, Agwanda A. Use of long-acting reversible contraception among adolescents and young women in Kenya. PLoS One. 2020;15(11):e0241506. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241506

Kopp Kallner H, Thunell L, Brynhildsen J, Lindeberg M, Gemzell Danielsson K. Use of Contraception and Attitudes towards Contraceptive Use in Swedish Women - A Nationwide Survey. PLoS One. 2015;10(5):e0125990. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0125990

Williams BN, Jauk VC, Szychowski JM, Arbuckle JL. Adolescent emergency contraception usage, knowledge, and perception. Contraception. 2021;103(5):361-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2021.01.003

Acevedo-Osorio GO, Ramírez-García N, Cardona-Osorio JD, Oliveros-Ruiz CA. Conocimiento y uso de método anticonceptivo de emergencia en estudiantes universitarios, Pereira, Colombia. Univ Salud. 2019;21(2):159-65. https://doi.org/10.22267/rus.192102.150

Ajong AB, Njotang PN, Kenfack B, Yakum MN, Mbu ER. Knowledge of women in family planning and future desire to use contraception: a cross sectional survey in Urban Cameroon. BMC Res Notes. 2016;9:347. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-016-2155-7

Yi KW, Kim SK, Lee DY, Lee SR, Shin H, Choi D. Perceptions and Knowledge of Women Regarding Contraception and Current Trends in Contraceptive Use in Korea. Yonsei Med J. 2022;63(11):999-1006. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2022.0133

Abdel-Salam DM, Albahlol IA, Almusayyab RB, Alruwaili NF, Aljared MY, Alruwaili MS, et al. Prevalence, Correlates, and Barriers of Contraceptive Use among Women Attending Primary Health Centers in Aljouf Region, Saudi Arabia. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(10):3552. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103552

Chofakian CB do N, Borges ALV, Sato APS, Alencar GP, Santos OA dos, Fujimori E. ¿El conocimiento de la contracepción de emergencia afecta a su uso entre adolescentes de enseñanza media en Brasil? Cad Saude Pública. 2016;32(1):e00188214. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311X00188214

Martin D, Sale C, Cooper SB, Elliott-Sale KJ. Period Prevalence and Perceived Side Effects of Hormonal Contraceptive Use and the Menstrual Cycle in Elite Athletes. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018;13(7):926-32. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0330

Contreras G, Ibarra ML, Casas ÓD, Camacho EJ, Velasco DF, Contreras G. El conocimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos y la conducta sexual en jóvenes universitarios. Hacia la Promoción de la Salud. 2020;25(2):70-83. https://doi.org/10.17151/hpsal.2020.25.2.9

Published

05/05/2023

Issue

Section

Original Articles

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)